By HYUN JOON CHOI, Richmond Hill, Canada
​The ​Stanford Summer Humanities Institute (2016): "Marx, Nietzsche, Freud: The Master Thinkers of the Nineteenth Century."

By DALIA, Kielce, Poland
Supervision: Dr Paul Hoff Backe & Prof Magnar Bjoras
Finalist of the Intel International Science and Engineering Fair (Intel ISEF); Issuer: Society for Science and the Public, May 2015
Finalist in The E(x)plory Scientific Competition 2015; Issuer: Fundacja Zaawansowanych Technologii, March 2015
The Talent of Swietokrzyskie, Marshal Office of the Swietokrzyskie Voivodeship, October 2014
Let's Talk about [X] Multidisciplinary Student Research Conference - University of Glasgow, February 2015

By MARY MARKATOU, Kefalonia, Ionian Islands, Greece

By MIN CHAN-HONG, Seoul, South Korea

By MARGARET HEINZ, East Dundee, Illinois, the USA

By JOHANNES LANG, Vienna, Austria
Mentor: Ruth Schabauer (Department of English, Neulandschule Grinzing)

​This work examines the impact of Europeans’ commercial expansion into the Indian Ocean on the local Asian and African economies between 1600 and 1650. By studying this historically important period of time, we can also gain a deeper understanding of modern globalization and of Europe’s continuing political and economic influence today. The different consequences for the various regions bordering the Indian Ocean are compared, contrasted, and evaluated. For my research I use primarily books and articles but also rely on the analysis of economic data. Epic poems from Mughal writers as well as modern studies are included so that the reader may gain thorough insights into the topic. As I try to tell history from an Afro-Asian perspective, I let both 17th century and contemporary voices native to the Indian Ocean have their say.
I conclude in my study that the consequences of trade with the Europeans differed greatly between the heterogeneous regions. The nature of these consequences depended on the socioeconomic structure as well as on the environmental particularities of the regions in question. Some economies profited from the new situation; others suffered from the altered trade system. Interestingly, many effects of 17th century globalization, such as increased competition with countries far away and a heightened reliance on foreign trade, are visible also in today’s process of globalization.   

By HANI CHOKSI, Brampton, Canada

​After graduating from high school, students are expected to make a vital decision about what they want to pursue as a career and even more importantly, how they want to pursue it. There are four main pathways that are considered while making this choice – College, University, Apprenticing, and directly joining the workforce. Many believe that the key to a successful future is attending a post-secondary institution and getting a degree, and also that simply by doing so one will instantly land a job in their desired field of work and live a financially stable life. This may have stood true in the past but with the skyrocketing tuition, the stress, and the thousands of other people getting similar degrees, the value of post-secondary education is on the decline.

By ANJALI BHAVAN, New Delhi, India

Worldwide, millions of women are subjected to the practice of Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting (FGM/C) every year, every month, every day. This practice of cutting up female genitalia for a variety of reasons either around birth or puberty violates child and women rights to their very core and has consequences, both immediate and long-term, on the mental, physical and emotional health and well-being of many women across the world—even claiming the lives of many women and children, who die from the pain or subsequent onset of sepsis or reproductive illnesses. Such mutilation is steeped in tradition, religion and culture, often attributed to religion and performed as a rite of purification, and this superstition is passed on for generations, thus perpetrating a vicious cycle. This research aims to assess this practice—that is, delve on its history, both social and cultural, the current scenario and the impact of such mutilation on women and children, examined through the life story of victims of such mutilation. This research also hopes to spread awareness to mitigate the problem at hand and provide relief to countless women who undergo this ritual as a mark of womanhood.​

By RISHABH GOSWAMI, New Delhi, India
Previous publication details: International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research  ISSN 2348-6988 (online) Vol. 3, Issue 4, pp: (162-165), October - December 2015. Available at: www.researchpublish.com

By EMMA DRAKE, the USA

​While women make up nearly half of the general workforce, they represent only a quarter of the STEM workforce (Beede et al. 2011). While there are undoubtedly many reasons for this bias, this research is looking to determine causes at the beginning of the path, in students, and their math and science development within this stage.

By MEHDI BAQRI, Orlando, Florida, the USA

By VALERIE WU, USA

By RAPHAEL MORALLO, The Philippines

By MAYA DRU, USA

​In 1995, a New York high school dropout decided to name her baby daughter Tempestt after her favorite actress, Tempestt Bledsoe. She misspelled the name on the birth certificate, and girl entered the world as Temptress. At fifteen, Temptress had lived up to her namesake, becoming rebellious and sexually promiscuous. At her juvie sentencing, Judge Duggan asked her mother, “Is poor Temptress just living up to the expectations of her name?” (Spurlock) Names are a form of language, but are they deterministic in determining someone’s future? The plight of Temptress begs the question: how much will a child’s first name influence his or her future socioeconomic status? First names are often social markers of race, but names on their own are not proven determinants of socioeconomic destiny.

By LUCAS DAVIS, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
Mentor: Corralu Buddenbohm (Paper advisor); Ms. Mary O’Rourke, Lausanne Collegiate School

By SAURAV KHARB, New Delhi, India
​Under the guidance of IIT Delhi Assistech Lab
Originally Published In: International Journal of Emerging Trends in Electrical and Electronics (IJETEE – ISSN: 2320-9569), Vol. 11, Issue. 5, Sep-2015. 
​Authorised republication.

Abstract

Sight, or visual sensory is undoubtedly the most important source of information that a human requires for mobility and navigation. Without this, humans become passive and dependant on others. The major problems faced by the visually impaired while walking are tackling short distant obstacles, and planning long distance trajectory. Technology today has devised a plethora of short distant obstacles detection systems like the Electronic Travel Aids, but the problem of planning long distances, i.e. keeping up with the intended bath to travel and not deviating from it, still remains unsolved. This project aims to solve this problem using the phenomenon of Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation as a means to subconsciously guide the visually impaired.

By ALEX CHUNG, New York, USA
​The Stanford Summer Humanities Institute, 2015
Course: Revolutions
Professor: Dan Edelstein
​Graduate TA: Dylan J. Montanari

I. Introduction
As Karl Marx wrote in the Communist Manifesto, “A spectre is haunting Europe —the spectre of communism.”[1] For the Civil Rights Activists during the 1950s and 1960s in America, a similar specter was haunting the United States - communism. The Civil Rights Leaders turned to communist ideology for inspiration. Leading figures and organizations involved in the Civil Rights Movement such as Malcolm X, Martin Luther King, Jr. and the Black Panther Party found profound relationships between Marx’s theories of alienation and revolution and the state of racial inequity in the United States. Malcolm X, Martin Luther King, Jr. and the Black Panther Party each applied Marx’s theories in their speeches and in support of their views. Their application of Marx's theories, however, was done in a selectively self-serving manner and in very “broad-strokes” as necessary in order to fit the doctrine to the practicalities of their plight, rather than literally. In addition, when considering the socioeconomic climate within which the Civil Rights Movement was occurring, the Civil Rights activists used the readily apparent demarcation of classes in their fight for racial equality.[2] First, they understood that race inequality was connected to class inequality. Second, they used the ideals of Marxism. Given the Cold War efforts to contain Communism, this ideology was feared by the general public and the American Government as a threat to the social order in the United States.[3]

By RAPHAEL MORALLO, Muntinlupa City, The Philippines

In a constantly changing and progressive world where the supply of non-renewable resources such as fossil fuels is at high risk, proper action must be taken for the transportation industry to compensate for such a phenomenon. however the reliance on the hybrid-electric and full-electric automobile model still poses a large carbon footprint. One alternative is to utilize the rotatory movement of the wheels of an automobile to produce enough triboelectric energy to eventually power a vehicle. This research develops and constructs one possible prototype model for such a system and derives its possible current output when used alongside existing 120V and 240V electric car batteries. Although the design succeeds conceptually as a power source, its theoretical outputs will be unable to power an electric vehicle safely. Nevertheless, this research aims to initiate further studies on triboelectric power generation for commercial applications.

By CATHY YANG, Pennsylvania, the USA
​The Stanford Summer Humanities Institute, 2015
​Course: Revolutions
​Professor: Dan Edelstein
​Graduate Teaching Assistant: Dylan J. Montanari

​Art is said to be the signature of civilizations. Throughout history, artists have served as both chroniclers and commentators of important events. During the 19th century, with the emergence of radical political revolutions across Europe, Romanticism became the dominant artistic style for depicting revolutionary events. An examination of two prominent Romantic paintings reveal that Eugene Delacroix’s Massacre at Chios (fig. 1) and Francisco Goya’s Third of May 1808 (fig. 2), though seemingly alike in subject matter and style, are in fact radically different perceptions of similar events.

By ANAYAT SEKHON, New Delhi, India

​Crony capitalism is a phenomenon wherein the government colludes with market players and intervenes in an economy in their favour, by doling out grants, tax breaks, subsidies and other sops. This manipulation of market forces results in an “uneven playing field”, reducing competition and stifling innovation, in contravention to the guiding principles of free market capitalism wherein economic gains are solely merit-based. While market interventionism and monopolisation has been a characteristic feature of socialistic welfare states, capitalist economies are by no means bereft of oligopolies due to a myriad of factors—some are natural, such as the economies of scale—while others include weak or absent anti-trust legislation, regulatory capture and crony capitalism itself.

By RAPHAEL MORALLO, Manila, Philippines

Introduction
​As a highly valued literary work of William Shakespeare, Hamlet has been a focus of many literary analyses that reveal the underlying messages that the text has that may shed light on the creative genius behind the writer, the significance of such pieces of literature in the age that they were written, and its effect on potential readers today. One possible link between the modern age and the Shakespearean classic is how the portrayal of psychologically troubled individuals in the story represents and foreshadows how the obsession over consumerist ideas leads to mental instability. This is shown through the various psychological aspects of the characters that, in turn, contribute to character and plot development as well as the central theme of the play. At the same time, these aspects may be linked to similar conditions that may be seen in today’s consumerist-driven society since the circumstances that affect both the play and modern society may have close similarities. Displaying how consumerism may be found within the internal and external conflict points of the characters creates a comparison that allows Hamlet to continue its recognition as an exemplary piece of English literature.

By MICHAEL CHENG, USA
​Finalist, 2016 MIT INSPIRE Competition in the Arts, Humanities, and Social Sciences (History Category)

By CHELSEA SHU, USA
​Stanford Summer Humanities Institute, 2015
Course: Revolutions
​Professor Dan Edelstein
​Graduate TA: Sarah Grandin

From clips of the red sun to full-length feature films about the perilous class struggles, films are known for their involvement in many revolutions. They were viewed as vessels of propaganda in the eyes of the revolutionary leaders and sources of education to the common people. Despite the fact that films hold a substantial importance in almost every modern revolution, it was most significant in the Cuban Revolution and the Chinese Cultural Revolution. Not only did the industry manipulate the minds of the  people in favor of the revolution, but it also underwent major changes itself throughout the process. Although the film industry played a major role in both the Cuban Revolution and the Chinese Cultural Revolution, it inaugurated more of an impact, both socially and politically, in the Chinese Cultural Revolution than it did in the Cuban Revolution.
​

By S. MANAS BHARADWAAJ, Chennai, India
​KS Research Institute - Mylapore, Chennai, 600004

​Image Courtesy: Government Oriental Manuscript Library, Chennai, French Institute, Pondicherry, Kuppuswami
Research Institute, Chennai and Pulavar Chockalingam, Tanjore